{"id":11678,"date":"2014-04-08T11:45:36","date_gmt":"2014-04-08T08:45:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/?p=11678"},"modified":"2014-04-08T11:50:28","modified_gmt":"2014-04-08T08:50:28","slug":"%d9%85%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%81-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%81-%d9%85%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%86-1921%d9%85-1958%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/?p=11678","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1921\u0645 – 1958\u0645."},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1918\u0645 \u0640\u0640 1337\u0647\u0640 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 3\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633 1920\u0645 \u0640\u0640 1339\u0647\u0640 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u2026<\/span> \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062c\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642([1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup>.\u0648\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 (\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0629<\/span>\u2026<\/span> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632)([2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627: (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645) \u062c\u0646\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0648\u0623\u0648\u062f\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642([3]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0634\u0641\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u062e \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a 30\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1920\u0645 \u0640\u0640 1339\u0647\u0640\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629([4]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup> \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632([5]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup> \u0641\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0634\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0631([6]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup> \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649([7]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629([8]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0645\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u062a \u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0623\u063a\u062f\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u062b\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0647\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064a\u0623\u0633 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0628.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f.\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u061f \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644) \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0640\u0640 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u064a([9]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup>\u0640\u0640 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0643\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641([10]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup>. \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0640\u0640 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0640\u0640.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 1921\u0645 \u0640\u0640 1340\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u0634\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a([11]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup> \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1923\u0645 \u0640\u0640 1342\u0647\u0640\u060c \u0637\u0644\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1917\u0645 \u0640\u0640 1336\u0647\u0640\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0647\u064a\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0643\u0645\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0623\u0633<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0643\u0645\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633([15]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629: \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 1930\u0640 1349\u0647\u0640 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1941\u0645 \u0640 1360\u0647\u0640\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1948\u0645 \u0640 1368\u0647\u0640 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1952\u0645 \u0640 1372\u0647\u0640. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u062f (\u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1954\/ \u0640\u0640 1374\u0647\u0640 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1956\u0645 \u0640\u0640 1376\u0647\u0640 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629([16]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup> <\/span>\u2026<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0632\u062d\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d\u0649)([17]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 (\u0648\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d 28\/11 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646) \u064a\u0646\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u062e\u0635([18]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1958\u0645 \u0640\u0640 1387\u0647\u0640.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u0627\u064b \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n

[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u064a\/ \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641\u060c \u0635381.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[2]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0635383.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[3]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[4]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\/ \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u063516.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[5]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u064a\/ \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641\u060c \u0635383\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a\/ \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0635100\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0647\u0631\/ \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0639\u06291: 104<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[6]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0644\/ \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u06372\u060c\u0635448 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0637.<\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[7]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\/ \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1920\u060c \u0635121.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[8]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u064a\/ \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641\u060c \u0635384.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[9]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641\u060c \u0635377 \u0640\u0640 380.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[10]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631\u064a\/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0635349.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[11]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u064a\/ \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641\u060c \u0635380.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[12]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0645\/ \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 1921 \u0640\u0640 1933\u060c \u063580 \u0640\u0640 82.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[13]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0634\u0645\u0633\u0629: \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627: (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 “\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a” \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0647).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[14]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0645\/ \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0635 118\u0640 120.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[15]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\/ \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c \u06359.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[16]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[17]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\/ \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u063552\u0640 53.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[18]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u063555.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627- \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629: \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1918\u0645 \u0640\u0640 1337\u0647\u0640 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":11679,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[19],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11678"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11678"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11678\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11682,"href":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11678\/revisions\/11682"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11679"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11678"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11678"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alhikmeh.org\/doccenter\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11678"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}